View Shopping Cart Your Famous Chinese Account Shopping Help Famous Chinese Homepage China Chinese Chinese Culture Chinese Restaurant & Chinese Food Travel to China Chinese Economy & Chinese Trade Chinese Medicine & Chinese Herb Chinese Art
logo
Search
March 8, 2014
Table of Contents
1 Introduction
Xinjing

Wikipedia

 
شىنجاڭ ٸۇيغۇر ٸاپتونوم رايون
Shinjang Uyghur Aptonom Rayon
新疆维吾尔自治区
Xīnjiāng W?iw?'ěr Z?zh?qū
Abbreviation: 疆 (pinyin: Jiāng)
Image:China-Xinjiang.png|Xinjiang is highlighted on this map
Origin of Name 新 xīn - new
疆 jiāng - frontier
"new frontier"
Administration Type Autonomous region of China|Autonomous region
Capital and
Largest City
Urumqi
Communist Party of China|CPC Xinjiang Committee Secretary Wang Lequan
Chairman Ismail Tiliwaldi
Area 1,660,000 square kilometre|km? (List of China administrative regions by area|1st)
Population (2002)
?- Density
19,050,000 (List of China administrative regions by population|24th)
11.5/km? (List of China administrative regions by population density|29th)
Gross domestic product|GDP (2002)
?- per capita
159.8 billion Renminbi|? (List of China administrative regions by gross domestic product|25th)
8390 Renminbi|? (List of China administrative regions by GDP per capita|12th)
Major Nationalities of China|Nationalities (2000) Uyghur - 45%
Han Chinese|Han - 41%
Kazakh - 7%
Hui - 5%
Kirghiz - 0.9%
Mongol - 0.8%
Dongxiang - 0.3%
Tajik (China)|Tajik - 0.2%
Political divisions of China#Prefecture level|Prefecture-level divisions 14
Political divisions of China#County level|County-level divisions 99
Political divisions of China#Township level|Township-level divisions 1005
ISO 3166-2 CN-65

Xinjiang (zh-cpw |c=新疆 |p=Xīnjiāng |w=Hsin1-chiang1; Postal Pinyin: Sinkiang; literal meaning: "New Frontier"; Uyghur language|Uyghur: IPA|شينجاڭ) Uyghurs Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China (PRC), sometimes known as Chinese Turkestan, Eastern Turkestan (Turkestan also spelt Turkistan) or Uyghuristan. The capital is Urumqi|?r?mqi. Xinjiang's area is 1,650,000 km? (637,000 sq.mi) and the population is estimated at about 19 million.




Traversed by the Silk Road, Xinjiang has been loosely influenced by China since the Han Dynasty. However, because it is far from eastern China, it has mostly ruled itself, except for parts of the Han Dynasty|Han, Tang Dynasty|Tang and Yuan Dynasty|Mongol dynasties, when it was under direct rule. It has also been ruled by the Mongols, Uyghurs, and the pre-Turkic Tocharians. The Qing Empire controlled the territory since the 18th century, and officially established Xinjiang Province ("new frontier") in 1884.

In the period before the establishment of the People's Republic of China, Xinjiang was ruled by the warlord Sheng Shicai.

The autonomous region of the PRC was established on October 1, 1955.



Xinjiang contains 2 prefecture-level cities, 7 prefecture (China)|prefectures, and 5 autonomous prefectures. Below them, there are 11 districts, 20 county-level cities, 62 counties, and 6 autonomous counties. Four of the county-level cities do not belong to any prefecture, so are administered directly by the province. They are the direct-control county-level administrative units (直辖县级行政单位). |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
! Hanzi !! Pinyin !! Uyghur
Prefecture-level cities
Urumqi|?r?mqi 乌鲁木齐市 Wūlǔm?q? ?r?mqi
Karamay 克拉玛依市 K?lāmǎyī Ķaramay
Directly administered county-level cities
Shihanza 石河子市 Sh?h?zǐ Xihənzə
Tumshuk? 图木舒克市 T?m?shūk?
Alar 阿拉尔市 Ālāěr
Wujiaqu 五家渠市 Wǔjiāq?
Prefectures
Turpan 吐鲁番地区 T?lǔfān Turpan
Kumul 哈密地区 Hām? Ķumul
Hotan 和田地区 H?ti?n Hotən
Aksu 阿克苏地区 Āk?s? Aķsu
Kashgar 喀什地区 Kāsh? Ķəxķər
Autonomous prefectures
Kizilsu? 克孜勒苏州 K?zīl?sū Ķizilsu
Bayin'gholin 巴音郭楞州 Bāy?nguōl?ng Bayinƣolin
Sanji 昌吉州 Chāngj? Sanji
B?rtala 博尔塔拉州 B?ěrtǎlā Bortala
Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture|Ili 伊犁州 Yīl? Ili





Xinjiang is the largest Political divisions of China|political subdivision of China. Xinjiang is divided into two basins by Mount Tianshan. Dzungarian Basin is in the north, and Tarim Basin is in the south.

Xinjiang's lowest point is 155 metres below sea level (lowest point in the PRC as well). Its highest peak is 8611 metres above sea level on the border with Kashmir.

Xinjiang has within its borders the point of land remotest from the sea (Lat. 46 degrees 16.8 minutes N, Long. 86 degrees 40.2 minutes E) in the Dzoosotoyn Elisen Desert, 1,645 miles (2648 km) from the nearest coastline (straight-line distance).

The Xinjiang-Kyrgyzstan border is marked by the Tian Shan mountain range. The Torugart Pass (3752 m) is located on this border.

The Karakorum highway (KKH) links Islamabad, Pakistan with Kashgar over the Khunjerab Pass.

Neighbors include:
  • Provinces: Tibetan Autonomous Region|Tibet, Gansu, and Qinghai

  • Countries: Mongolia (country)|Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India (Kashmir).


Rivers include: Tarim River

Major Cities:
  • Urumqi

  • Turpan

  • Kashgar

  • Karamay

  • Yining

  • Shihezi





Xinjiang is known for its fruits and produce including grapes and melons. Cotton, wheat, silk, walnuts, and sheep are also produced. Xinjiang also has large deposits of minerals and oil.




Xinjiang is home to several Muslim Turkic peoples|Turkic groups including the Uyghurs and the Kazakhs. Other PRC minority List of Chinese ethnic groups|ethnic groups include Hui Chinese, the Kirghiz, the Mongols, the Russian people|Russians, the Xibes, the Tajik (China)|Tajik, the Uzbek, the Tatars, and the Manchus.

The percentage of ethnic Han Chinese in Xinjiang has grown from 6 percent in 1949 to over 40 percent at present. Much of this transformation can be attributed to the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC), a semi-military organization of settlers that has built farms, towns, and cities over scattered parts of Xinjiang. The demographic transformation is commonly held as a threat to Uyghurs and other non-Han ethnicities in maintaining their culture, in a case similar to that of Tibet.

The Uighurs trace descent to both the Turkic Uighurs and the pre-Turkic Indo-European Tocharians (or Tokharians), and fair-skin, hair and eyes, as well as other so-called 'Caucasoid' physical traits, are not uncommon among them. |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Populations of ethnicities in 2000 Census
! Population !! % (approximate)
Uyghur 8,345,622 45.21
Han Chinese|Han 7,489,919 40.58
Kazakh 1,245,023 6.74
Hui Chinese|Hui 839,837 4.55
Kirghiz 158,775 0.86
Mongol 149,857 0.81
Dongxiang 55,841 0.30
Tajik 39,493 0.21
Xibe 34,566 0.19
Manchu 19,493 0.11
Tujia 15,787 0.086
Uzbek 12,096 0.066
Russian people|Russian 8935 0.048
Hmong|Miao 7006 0.038
Tibetan 6153 0.033
Zhuang 5642 0.031
Daur 5541 0.030
Tatar 4501 0.024


In 2002, there were 9,632,600 males (growth rate of 1.0%) and 9,419,300 females (growth rate of 2.2%). The population overall growth rate was 10.9‰, with 16.3‰ of birth rate and 5.4‰ mortality rate.




  • Chinese Islamic cuisine







Main article: List of East Turkestan-related topics

Professional sports teams in Xinjiang include:

  • Chinese Football Association

  • * None

  • Chinese Basketball Association

  • * Xinjiang Guanghui Flying Tigers


Xinjiang is the home of the Lop Nur testing site for the PRC's nuclear weapons program.

Supporters of Uyghur independence in East Turkestan are active in Xinjiang.




Pro-PRC links
  • http://www.xinjiang.gov.cn Official site (in Simplified Chinese and Traditional Chinese)

  • http://www.xju.edu.cn Xinjiang University

  • http://www.xzqh.org/quhua/65xj/index.htm Subdivision info (in Simplified Chinese)


Pro-Independence links
  • http://www.taklamakan.org/ International Taklamakan Human Rights Association

  • http://www.uhrp.org/ Uyghur Human Rights Project

  • http://uygur.org/ East Turkistan Information Center

  • http://www.uyghurinfo.com/ Uyghur Information Agency

  • http://www.uyghuramerican.org/ Uyghur American Association

  • http://www.caccp.org/ Citizens Against Communist Chinese Propaganda


Cultural links
  • http://www.uighurlanguage.com/ UighurLanguage.com

  • http://www.uyghurscholars.org/ Uyghur Scholars Homepage


Provinces_of_China

Category:Disputed territories

ar:شينجيانغ
de:Xinjiang
fr:Xinjiang
nl:Xinjiang
ja:新疆ウイグル自治区
fi:Xinjiang
zh-cn:新疆

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Xinjing".


Last Modified:   2005-03-06


Search
All informatin on the site is © FamousChinese.com 2002-2005. Last revised: January 2, 2004
Are you interested in our site or/and want to use our information? please read how to contact us and our copyrights.
To post your business in our web site? please click here. To send any comments to us, please use the Feedback.
To let us provide you with high quality information, you can help us by making a more or less donation: