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March 8, 2014
Table of Contents
1 Introduction
Five elements (Chinese philosophy)

Wikipedia

 
In traditional Chinese philosophy, natural phenomena can be classified into the Five Elements (zh-cp|c=五行|p=wǔxíng):
wood (classical element)|wood,
fire (classical element)|fire,
earth (classical element)|earth,
metal (classical element)|metal, and
water (classical element)|water
(木, 火, 土, 金, 水; mù, huǒ, tǔ, jīn, shǔi). These elements were used for describing interactions and relationships between phenomena. Five phases is another way of translating wǔx??ng — literally, "five goings". Traditional Taijiquan schools relate them to footwork and refer to them as five "steps".

The doctrine of five phases describes both a generating (生, shēng) cycle and an overcoming or restraining (克, k??) cycle of interactions between the phases. In the generating cycle, wood generates fire; fire generates earth; earth generates metal; metal generates water; water generates wood. In the overcoming cycle, wood overcomes earth; earth overcomes water; water overcomes fire; fire overcomes metal; metal overcomes wood.<br>
Image:Interactions of Five Chinese Elements.png
<br>The doctrine of five phases was employed in many fields of early Chinese philosophy, including seemingly disparate fields such as music, traditional chinese medicine, and military strategy.




The Yu&egrave;l&igrave;ng chapter (月令篇) of the Lǐj&igrave; (禮記) and the Hu&aacute;in&aacute;nzǐ (淮南子) make the following correlations: |-
Element cardinal directions|Direction Color Pentatonic scale|Musical Note
Wood east green or blue ju?? 角 (mi)
Fire south red zhǐ 徵 (sol)
Soil|Earth center yellow gōng 宮 (do)
Metal west white shāng 商 (re)
Water north black 羽 (la)


(see also pentatonic scale)

(note: The Chinese word 青includes the range in the spectrum from green to blue, with shades down to black.)

Some other correspondences are shown below: |-
Element Chinese constellation|Heavenly creature Season cardinal directions|Direction Planet Tastes Sense Viscera Finger
Wood Qīng-l??ng (青龍)<br>the Green Dragon Spring (season)|Spring east Jupiter sour sight liver ring finger
Fire Zhū-qu?? (朱雀)<br>the Red Phoenix Summer south Mars bitter sound heart middle finger
Soil|Earth Hu??ng-l??ng (黃龍)<sup>*</sup><br>the Yellow Dragon Change of seasons<br>(four times a year) center Saturn sweet smell spleen index finger
Metal B??i-hǔ (白虎)<br>the White Tiger Autumn west Venus hot taste lung thumb
Water Xu??n-wǔ (玄武)<br>the Black Tortoise-Serpent Winter north Mercury (planet)|Mercury salty touch kidney little finger

<sup>*</sup> Qilin|Q??-l??n (??????) was also associated later.

The elements have also been correlated to the eight Bagua (concept)|trigrams of the I Ching: |-
Element I Ching Trigrams
Wood Wind, thunder <nowiki>: </nowiki> (☴ 巽 x??n) <nowiki>|::</nowiki> (☳ 震 zh??n)
Fire Fire <nowiki>|:|</nowiki> (☲ 離 l??)
Earth Earth, mountain <nowiki>:::</nowiki> (☷ 坤 kūn) <nowiki>::|</nowiki> (☶ 艮 g??n)
Metal Sky, lake <nowiki> |</nowiki> (☰ 乾 qi??n) <nowiki> :</nowiki> (☱ 兌 du??)
Water Water <nowiki>:|:</nowiki> (☵ 坎 kǎn)





  • Chinese music

  • Five elements (Japanese)

  • Four elements

  • Hsing Yi

  • Pushing hands

  • Qi

  • Qigong

  • Tao

  • Zang Fu theory





  • Feng Youlan (Yu-lan Fung), A History of Chinese Philosophy, volume 2, p. 13

  • Joseph Needham, Science and Civilization in China, volume 2, pp. 262-23





  • http://www.char4u.com/chinese-zodiac-sign.php Chinese Zodiac Chart Find your Chinese Zodiac sign based on your date of birth.

ClassicElement

Category:Chinese astronomy
Category:Chinese martial arts terms
Category:Chinese thought
Category:Traditional Chinese medicine
Category:Numerology

de:F??nf-Elemente-Lehre
ja:五行思想
vi:Ngũ h??nh
zh:五行
he:???????? ??????????????

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Five elements (Chinese philosophy)".


Last Modified:   2005-11-04


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